The Constitution in Action Name: Mary Ann Christopher School: McKinney Middle School/Yellow Springs High School Workshop Location: Centerville, Ohio Title of Companion Content Pathfinder: The Constitution in Action Grade Level: 8th grade Curriculum/Subject Area: Social Studies Specific Topic: The constitutional and historical development of the question and issues surrounding segregation in public schools in the United States This pathfinder will help you find information on segregation in public schools throughout the history of the United States. You will discover the role the U.S. Constitution has played in both legalizing segregation and declaring it unconstitutional. You will find links to articles, Infohio Resources, websites, and books. There is a section for teachers. These are the Dewey numbers and subjects where good resources can be found. 301 Sociology & anthropology 305 Social groups 323 Civil & political rights 326 Slavery & emancipation 342 Constitutional & administrative law 344 Social, labor, welfare, & related law 348 Law (Statutes), regulations, cases 370 Education 371 School management; special education Student Resources Articles Read the following two articles and be prepared to discuss them in class on Wednesday. Civil Rights. Monkeyshines on America, 1999, p14, 1p; Reading Level (Lexile): 1160; (AN 3652709) The sad story of how `separate but equal' was born. By: Medley, Keith Weldon. Smithsonian, Feb94, Vol. 24 Issue 11, p104, 14p, 5c, 5bw; Reading Level (Lexile): 1160; (AN 9401317541) Use at least two of these articles in writing your paper. Integration makes gains, but perceptions slower to change By: Janet Kornblum. USA Today, 04/06/2004; (AN J0E028073552004) Segregated expectations By: N.A.. USA Today, 05/15/2003; (AN J0E223708686803) St. Joseph's College explores Brown vs. Board of Education decision. New York Amsterdam News, 03/15/2001, Vol. 92 Issue 11, p30, 1/9p, 1bw; Reading Level (Lexile): 880; (AN 4233460) Brown v Board turns 40. By: Fleming, Mali Michelle. Hispanic, May94, Vol. 7 Issue 4, p8, 1/6p; Reading Level (Lexile): 1200; (AN 9405311358) Use other INFOhio Resources for your research. INFOhio.org Annals of American History: Search for segregation AND education You will get a list of primary documents including the court decisions, reports commentaries and essays. SIRS Discoverer: Do a subject search for bsegregation in educationb You will get magazine and newspaper articles. Books The YSHS/McKinney School Library Media Center has several books you can use for this project. These are recommended. Reference: 1. The Quest for Equality; from Civil War to Civil Rights / by Charles H. Wesley. Publishers Co, [1968] CALL NUMBER: REF 301.451 WES 2. We Were There, Too! : young people in U.S. history / Phillip Hoose. Farrar Straus Giroux, 2001. CALL NUMBER: REF 973 HOO 3. The Negro in American History / [Mortimer J. Adler, general editor; Charles Van Doren, editor; George Ducas, executive editor]. Encyclopaedia Britannica Educational Corp, [1969] CALL NUMBER: REF 973 NEG v.1 4. The Timetables of African-Amerian History : a Chronology of the Most Important People and Events in African-American History / Sharon Harley. Simon & Schuster, c1995. CALL NUMBER: REF 973.049 5. The American Dream : the 50s / by the editors of Time-Life Books, Alexandria, Virginia ; with a foreword by Hugh Downs. Time-Life Books, c1997, CALL NUMBER: REF 973.91 TIM Nonfiction Books: 1. The Black Man in America, 1932-1954. Franklin Watts, Inc, 1975. CALL NUMBER: 301.45 JAC 2. The Segregation Era, 1863-1954; a modern reader / Edited by Allen Weinstein and Frank Otto Gatell. Oxford University Press, 1970. CALL NUMBER: 301.451 3. The Controversial Court : Supreme Court influences on American life / by Stephen Goode. Messner, 1982. CALL NUMBER: 342.73 GOO 4. Equal! : The Case of Integration vs. Jim Crow / by Leonard A. Stevens ; consultants, John Lowenthal, Louis H. Pollak. Coward, McCann & Geoghegan, c1976. CALL NUMBER: 342.8 STE 5. Brown v. Board of Education / by James Tackach. Lucent, c1998. CALL NUMBER: 344.73 TAC 6. Decision : How the Supreme Court Decides Cases / Bernard Schwartz. Oxford University Press, 1996. CALL NUMBER: 347.73 SCH 7. The Supreme Court and its work / [edited by Elder Witt]. Congressional Quarterly, Inc., c1981. CALL NUMBER: 347.73 SUP 8. The Supreme Court in American History; Ten Great Decisions; the People, the Times and the Issues / [by] Marjorie G. Fribourg. Macrae Smith Co., [1965] CALL NUMBER: 347.9 FRI 9. Equal Justice Under Law : the Supreme Court in American Life / by Mary Ann Harrell and Burnett Anderson. Supreme Court Historical Society, c1982. CALL NUMBER: 347.9 HAR 10. Fight on! : Mary Church Terrell's Battle for Integration / Dennis Brindell Fradin & Judith Bloom Fradin. Clarion Books, c2003. CALL NUMBER: B TER 11. Through my eyes / Ruby Bridges ; articles and interviews compiled and edited by Margo Lundell. Scholastic Press, 1999. CALL NUMBER: B BRI Websites There are many good websites you can use for this project. These are recommended: Brown v. Board: Schools, Race in 2004 NPR's Ina Jaffe explores an integrated school in Los Angeles. This is an audio file will need an audio player. http://www.npr.org/features/feature.php?wfId=1800345 Brown vs. Board of Education - Background Summary A good background summary of Brown vs. The Board of Education of Topeka. http://brownvboard.org/summary/backgrnd.htm Brown vs Board of Education A brief history of Brown vs. The Board of Education. http://www.core-online.org/history/brown_vs_board.htm Brown v. Board of Education The Encarta Africana article on the case. http://www.africana.com/research/encarta/tt_100.asp Constitution of the United States Full-text and searchable database of the U.S. Constitution. http://www.law.emory.edu/FEDERAL/usconst.html Early Civil Rights Struggles: Brown v. Board of Education A simple but well-documented site on Brown v. Board of Education. http://www.watson.org/~lisa/blackhistory/early-civilrights/brown.html Fifty Years After 'Brown v. Board of Education' NPR's Claudio Sanchez and NPR's Ina Jaffe report from California about how patterns of housing and immigration have created in many areas schools that are extremely segregated. These are audio files; you will need an audio player. http://www.npr.org/features/feature.php?wfId=1751945 Jefferson - Enlightenment: Brown v. Board of Education - Racial Brown v. Board of Education Issue: Racial Segregation in Public Schools. Good explanation of the case. http://www.pbs.org/jefferson/enlight/brown.htm Lewis Mumford Center for Comparative Urban and Regional Research. This public service site uses Census 2000 data to report on changes and trends. Sortable dissimilarity indices calculate segregation scores for children and ethnic/racial groups. http://www.albany.edu/mumford/census/ Little Rock Nine This site is devoted to the history of a landmark event in the history of school integration in the American South. http://www.centralhigh57.org/ The University of Michigan Library Digital Archive: Brown v. Board of Education This archive contains documents and images which chronicle events surrounding this historically significant case up to the present http://www.lib.umich.edu/exhibits/brownarchive/ Teacher Resources Websites Landmark Supreme Court Cases bThis site was developed to provide teachers with a full range of resources and activities to support the teaching of landmark Supreme Court cases." The site features a browsable list of 15 cases with case summaries, diagrams of how each case moved through the courts, opinion excerpts, classroom activities, and information about the impact of each case. Also includes related links. A joint project of Street Law and the Supreme Court Historical Society. http://www.landmarkcases.org/ The following three sites are from The African-American Experience in Ohio 1850-1920 (part of the American Memory Collection through the Ohio Historical Society). Cleveland Gazette Yellow Springs Fight Volume: 05 Issue Number: 11 Page Number: 02 Date: 10/29/1887 http://dbs.ohiohistory.org/africanam/page1.cfm?ItemID=15596 Cleveland Gazette Yellow Springs School Board Volume: 05 Issue Number: 09 Page Number: 02 Date: 10/15/1887 http://dbs.ohiohistory.org/africanam/page1.cfm?ItemID=15575 Cleveland Gazette Yellow Springs Fight D. T. Johnson Volume: 05 Issue Number: 15 Page Number: 01 Date: 11/26/1887 http://dbs.ohiohistory.org/africanam/page1.cfm?ItemID=15619 Videos Separate But Equal [videorecording] / Republic Pictures. Republic Pictures Home Video, 1991. CALL NUMBER: VCR 323.4 SEP (Tapes 1 & 2) LOCATION: Yellow Springs HS / McKinney MS - VCR TAPES The following videos are available through the Greene County Public Library. Title Crisis at Central High [videorecording] / Time-Life Productions. New York : HBO Home Video [distributor], c1980. LOCATION CALL Jamestown VHS [VideoVHS] FICTION Crisis Descript 1 videocassette (120 min.) sd., col. ; 1/2 in. Note Based on the journals of teacher, Elizabeth Huckaby. Summary Examines the racial tensions at a high school in Little Rock as it is about to be desegrated by the U.S. Supreme Court order of 1957. Presents the story of one woman's triumph over white segregationists. Title The Ernest Green story [videorecording] / The Walt Disney Company. [United States] : Walt Disney Home Video ; [Burbank, Calif. : distributed by Buena Vista Home Video, 199-?]. LOCATION CALL Yellow Springs VHS [VideoVHS] FICTION Ernest G Descript 1 videocassette (VHS) (101 min.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in. Summary The true story of Ernest Green and eight other young black students who enrolled in an all-white school in 1957 and triumphed over the adversity and intolerance they encountered. Title Ruby Bridges [videorecording] / written by Toni Ann Johnson ; directed by Euzhan Palcy. Burbank, Calif. : Walt Disney Home Video ; Distributed by Buena Vista Home Entertainment, 1998. LOCATION CALL Fairborn J VHS [VideoVHS] FICTION Ruby Bri Xenia J VHS [VideoVHS] J FICTION Bri Yellow Springs J VHS [VideoVHS] J FICTION, Ruby Bri Descript 1 videocassette (90 min.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in. Summary Based on the true story of six-year-old Ruby, one of the first Black students to integrate public elementary school in New Orleans.