Ohio Standards Connections

 

Science

Earth & Space

Benchmark

A:  Describe how the positions & motions of the objects in the universe cause predictable and cyclic events

 

Indicators

8-1:  Describe how objects in the solar system are in regular and predictable motions that explain such phenomena as days, years, seasons, eclipses, tides and moon cycles

 

8-2: Explain that gravitational force is the dominant force determining motions in the solar system and in particular keeps the planets in orbit around the sun

 

8-8:  Name and describe tools used to study the universe (e.g., telescopes, probes, satellites, and spacecraft.

 

Science and Technology

Benchmark

B: Design a solution or product taking into account needs and constraints

 

Indicators

8-4:  Evaluate the overall effectiveness of a product design or solution

 

Scientific Inquiry

Benchmark

B:  Analyze and interpret data from scientific investigations using appropriate mathematicall skills in order to draw valid conclusions

 

Indicators:

8-2:  Describe the concepts of sample size and control and explain how these affect scientific investigations

 

8-3:  Read, construct, and interpret data in various forms produced by self and others in both written and oral form (e.g. tables, charts, maps, graphs, diagrams, and symbols.

 

8-4:  Apply appropriate math skills to interpret quantitative data

 

Science Ways of Knowing:

Benchmark
A:  Use skills of scientific inquiry processes

 

Indicators

8-1:  Identify the difference between description and explanation

 

Library Standard 5:

Information Literacy

Grades:

6-8

Benchmark:

B:  Students identify their needs and select materials in a variety of formats; they demonstrate responsible usage and ethical behavior when using information


Indicators:

8-1:  Evaluate library materials and select formats based on information need

 

Benchmark

D: Conduct research and follow a research process model which includes the following: develop essential question; identify resources; select, use and analyze information; synthesize and generate a product; and evaluate both process and product.
Indicators:

 

8-1: Generate a topic, assigned or personal interest, and open-ended questions for research and modify questions as necessary.

 

8-2: Use K-W-L or other graphic organizer techniques to brainstorm possible keywords or resources

 

8-5:  Seek information from a variety of viewpoints

 

8-6:  Understand how to access INFOhio electronic resources at school and from home

 

8-9:  Critically evaluate the quality of the information resource

 

8-11:  Take notes, organize information into logical sequence, and create draft

 

Technology Standard 6

Grades:

6-8

Benchmark:

A:  Evaluate the accuracy, authority, objectivity, currency, coverage and relevance of information and data sources.

 

Indicators

8-1:  Select technology-based library materials and multimedia tools based on need e.g., to obtain, analyze or communicate information

 

Benchmark

B:  Use technology to conduct research and follow a research process model which includes the following: develop essential question; identify resources; select, use and analyze information; synthesize and generate a product; and evaluate both process and product.


Indicators:

8-1 Conduct complex Internet searches using advanced features such as Boolean logic, truncation, and limiters

 

8-5:  Integrate information literacy and technology literacy skills into the Internet search process

 

 

 

 

8-7:  Verify web site author’s credentials and/or credibility of ownership organization

 

8-8:  Evaluates contents of Web site for accuracy, currency, reliability, usefulness, validity, scope and intended audience.

 

Media Literacy #7



Lesson Summary:  8th grade Collaborative Science Lesson                                                 

                         Is Anybody Out There?

 

Suellyn Stotts (Media Specialist) and Alicia Mehraban (Science

Teacher)

 

Could life exist on another planet?  What forces affect sustaining life as we
know it?   How does gravity, length of day, years, seasons, etc., affect the
possibility of life on other planets?   Students will utilize various websites to
gather and compare information, correctly citing those websites and practicing
quality, ethical notetaking skills; final project will be the creation of an alien
that could exist on the chosen planet backed with facts about gravity, period of
rotation, etc., discovered during the research process.

EARTH AND SPACE SCIENCE

Students will understand that the universe is composed of vast amounts of

matter, most of which is at incomprehensible distances and held together by

gravitational force. 

 

Students will be able to explain that gravitational force is the dominant force

determining motions in the solar system and in particular keeps the planets in

orbit around the sun.  Students will make inferences regarding space travel and

will examine ways of measuring distance.

 

Students will describe how objects in the solar system are in regular and

predictable motions that explain such phenomena as days, years, seasons,

eclipses, tides and moon cycles.

Students will understand basic concepts of planetary science including mass in
relation to earth, gravity, period of revolution and rotation; density, wind
speeds, temperatures. 

Students will name and describe tools used to study the universe (e.g.,
telescopes, probes, satellites and spacecraft).  

 

Students will utilize formulas and procedures for determining measurements to
solve problems, chose the appropriate metrics units and tools and calculate
using the appropriate metrics units.

 

INFORMATION LITERACY

Students will conduct research following a research process model which

includes the following:  developing the essential question; identifying resources; selecting, using and analyzing information; synthesizing and generating a product and

evaluating both process and product.

 

Students will understand that websites vary in terms of quality and quantity

of information provided and how to effectively compare that information. 

Students will evaluate the accuracy, authority, objectivity, currency, coverage,
and relevance of information and data sources. 

Students will develop search strategies, retrieve information in a variety of

formats and evaluate the quality and appropriate use of Internet resources;

select, access, and use appropriate electronic resources for a definite

information need.

 

Students will comprehend that media communication delivers information and

messages to a specific audience for a specific purpose.

 

Students will cite sources and use information ethically.   

 

Estimated Duration:

One week; 50 minutes per day; plus two-three class periods for final project                  presentations in class.

 

 

 

 

 

Commentary:



 

Pre-Assessment:

Teacher will pre-assess students utilizing a K-W-L chart about planets/space study as well as reviewing appropriate math formulas for converting Celsius to Kelvin to Fahrenheit, diameter to radius, etc.

Review will include:

1.         Examining ways of measuring distance

2.         Making inferences regarding space travel

3.         Identifying the distance relationship between Earth and other       

            objects in the Universe

4.         Developing formulas and procedures for determining

              measurements to solve problems

5.         Choosing the appropriate metrics units and tools

6.         Calculating, using the appropriate metrics units

Media specialist will pre-assess students’ skills in evaluating website information via review and class discussion. MS will introduce/review website evaluation by asking if any student has ever done a search and gotten hundreds of results.  Have any of those results been useless?  How can we better use our search time?

Review search engines and Keyword searching    Read information provided by the search engine about each site in results column.  Use URL to help determine worth. Take students to bogus cites and have students identify incorrect information.  Discuss web author’s purpose and evaluation of sites.

http://www.lme.mankato.msus.edu/mankato/mankato.html. http://www.peepresearch.org/.

Scoring Guidelines:

Teacher judgment will determine if further review is needed before the start of this lesson.  Media specialist judgment and knowledge of past work with students will determine need to supplement research and web evaluation skills.

Teacher and media specialist will conduct ongoing assessment throughout instruction, assisting individual students as needed, especially with online computer skills.  

Post-Assessment:

In order to determine if students truly understand the characteristics of the planets adaptations that would demonstrate the students’ understanding of planet characteristics (gravity, mass, density, etc.), students will create an alien creature that could exist on their chosen planet.  Each student must explain features of his/her alien; i.e. very long eyelashes for a windy planet; very heavy because of low gravity, etc., thus demonstrating an understanding of the objectives listed above.  The student will decide where he/she stands on the concept of extraterrestrial life, and debate that position based on the information learned.

When students present projects to the class, use a presentation rubric and arrange for constructive criticism from peers.

o       What did the presenter do particularly well?

o       What should the presenter do differently next time?

o       What information was surprising?

 

Scoring Guidelines:

Rubric attached

Instructional Procedures: After pre-assessment/review period in the classroom, explain the complete project to students:

Day One:  Introduce the following site about Planet X. http://www.xs4all.nl/~mke/Planet-X.htm. Hand out FACS sheets (web evaluation form).  Go through steps of evaluation together using an LCD projector.  Discuss evaluation of this website. Who authored the site?  Did the author have a hidden agenda?  What message is author trying to promote?  (Media Literacy)    Explain that for the planet project they will have the opportunity to use 6 different sites, each of which should be evaluated first using the FACS sheet.                           Review steps in research – Big Six model.  

1.          Define the task.  (Go over data collection  sheets)                                                                      

2.          Information Seeking Strategies:  Ask students to define databases.  Review INFOhio resources—Utilize general encyclopedia (Ency. Britannica) for broad background information).   MS leads demonstration using the LCD projector and explaining how to search all 3 levels of EBE.  Students use information to record data on Fact collection sheet #1. Distribute remaining fact sheets and review each website’s url for clues to site authors.

3.          Explain to students that they will also need to record interesting tidbits of information about the chosen planet – information that goes beyond fact gathering for the datasheets, but is nevertheless interesting in understanding the climate and other life supporting aspects of this planet.  As the student finishes the website, he/she should create a word document in his/her student file to keep track of these tidbits.  The file should be titled (planet) facts.  EX:  Mercury Facts.   Student will add to the one document as he/she finishes a website, beginning each new section with website address for citation purposes.  (Demonstrate example in class).  This exercise will provide practice in copying/pasting  rather than printing unnecessary information.  MS will discuss note taking and copyright issues as well as ethical information usage and proper citing of online resources.

4.          Students will use SIRS Discoverer for slightly deeper information in a subject-specific encyclopedia. Provide students with written instructions on accessing this database.  Students will access an article entitled “Just the Facts Ma’am  from Canada’s science magazine, Yes, and gather planet appropriate information to add to their tidbits file.  More practice in copying/pasting only necessary information.  May be finished for homework.

Day 2:  Discuss previous work.  Ask for questions.  Proceed to Fact Collection sheets #2-6.  MS will demonstrate any significant problems with navigating the websites.  Students work in order, #2 - #6, gathering and recording information.  Science teacher (ST) will deal with questions about Celsius vs. Kelvin and converting mass and density.  ST will use chart paper to record results from the various sites as students complete the work.   Provide homework worksheet on determining weight on different planets.

Day 3: Begin in the classroom.  Discuss homework.  On which planet would you weigh the most?  What does weight mean in relation to gravity?  Ask students another question:  “How old would you be on another planet?” to understand the relationship between planetary orbits around the sun and our measure of time.  Provide worksheet for homework.  Move students to library lab to continue working on websites #2-6.  Begin session with MS asking for questions, problems, etc., and brainstorming possible solutions with the entire group.  ST is present to field questions on science.  Both MS and ST float around the room helping individual students. Remind students to record interesting tidbits in server folder as they finish a website, being sure to cite each new site.  Students who finish all websites may help those who are struggling.

Day 4:  MS reviews INFOhio homepage again.  Demonstrate EBSCO host as a magazine database.  Briefly review databases again.  Provide students with written instructions to find a specific article on student’s chosen planet.  Copy and paste only the interesting pieces of information into the student tidbits document each student has already created.  More practice in cutting and pasting only what is needed as well as citing sources.  Use any extra time to finish worksheets.

Day 5:  In the classroom, ST will monitor discussion on gathered data.  Students will process together how to convert the data into comparable forms (kilograms vs. grams vs. ounces).  Continue discussion of why information for various sites is not always exactly the same (not only given in different units but sometimes rounded up, rounded down, etc.).  In the case of contradictory information, class discussion will center on how to evaluate the information to determine which information is correct.  Allow students with the same planet to meet as a group to discuss alien characteristics, share notes, etc.  MS will share proper format for works cited page to accompany alien notes.

Over the weekend, students will synthesize notes and plan an alien which will be constructed in class on Monday, presented on Tuesday. This authentic application of knowledge  may be 2 or 3 dimensional.  Be prepared to present alien to the class on Monday with supporting evidence and works cited page.

Differentiated Instructional Support

Students may work with partners as needed both to gather notes and to create the alien.  With two teachers involved on a daily basis, students will have more opportunity for one-on-one instruction.  Additional assistance on converting information into comparable formats may be needed.  Guided notes may be provided by either teacher.  For students with visual, motor, processing or other disabilities photocopy or print out information. (Enlarge, if needed.) With student, underline significant portions of text.  Then have student take notes or dictate notes to a notetaker or tape recorder.

 


Extension

Students predict what kind of paraphernalia a particular alien might have to utilize in order to visit another planet, including earth.


Homework Options and Home Connections                              

Day 1:  finish EBE and SIRS Discoverer as sources.

Day 2:   “How much would you weigh on another planet?”  The purpose:  to understand that weight is a measure of gravitational attraction and that force is not the same on each planet.                                                                    

Example                                                                                              

      1.    assume your weight is 100 lbs.                                                          

  1.  For each different planet, multiply your weight (100 lbs) by the number given on the provided worksheet, a function of gravity.

 

Day 3:     “What is your age on other planets?”                                                                                                1.  Figure your age in Earth days (your age x 365)                                       
2.  For the terrestrial planets, divide you age in Earth days by the number of Earth days in a planet’s year.  Chart provided.  Share with parents.  Determine parents’ ages on other planets.

Day 4:  Finish worksheets and/or search for magazine article.

Day 5:  Plan alien


Interdisciplinary Connections                                                          

This lesson would be a perfect tie-in to science fiction in language arts.  Students could create a science fiction story involving their created alien.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Materials and Resources:

For teachers

List of websites                                                 Grading rubric                                                     Web citation form                                              1 copy EBE directions                    1 Big 6 explanation sheet

For students

Six planetary fact sheets for each student, one for each website                                                                               Six copies of the FACS web evaluation form http://www.libertycenter.k12.oh.us/schwartz/DocLinks/FACS%20Checklist.PDF    l copy weight worksheet                                                                                                 l copy age worksheet                                                                                              1 copy web citation form                                                                                                                                                                                             l project rubric                                                                                                           1 Big 6 report model

 

 

 

Key Vocabulary

Database, astronomical unit, period of rotation, period of revolution,                                                                                Kelvin, Celsius, Fahrenheit, mass, density, diameter, gravity


Technology Connections

Utilizing websites and databases; practice with cutting and pasting information vs. printing entire websites/articles


Research Connections

Big Six research process                                                                                                    Website evaluation; citing web sources                                                                                 Ethical use of information

Attachments                                                                                                          1 sample planetary fact sheet
1 weight chart; 1 age chart; database directions
1 web citation form
1 Big Six model
1 project rubric